This mismatch between your perceived lack of sleep and the medical results will help a sleep expert diagnose you with paradoxical sleep. Show less impaired daytime functionality than an insomniac wouldįeel that you have had consistent insomnia for at least six months⁴ Have a sleep efficiency rating of 85 or higher Sleep for 6.5 hours or longer, on average To be medically diagnosed with sleep state misperception or paradoxical insomnia, you must: All these measurements will show exactly when you fall asleep, how well you sleep, and the quality of your sleep. The study involves many tests ("poly"), including breathing, heart rate, blood oxygen levels, and body movements such as eye movements.ĭuring the test, the sleep specialist will also take an electroencephalograph (EEG), a test in which electrodes are attached to the scalp to measure brain activity. The specialist will perform a sleep study, also called a polysomnography. If your doctor suspects you have paradoxical insomnia, they will likely refer you to a sleep specialist. Paradoxical sleep disorder is also related to some personality traits, such as neuroticism. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) - a sleep-breathing disorder that makes individuals more likely to underestimate or overestimate the total time they slept however, the causal link is not established. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 70%³ of people who have PTSD also have some form of insomnia. Paradoxical insomnia often occurs alongside other disorders, including: You might believe that you only slept for two hours while you actually slept for six or seven hours. Sleep being misperceived as wake, worry, and selective attention toward sleep-related concerns and the presence of brief awakenings.ĭue to these and other factors, your perception of time will also be warped. However, current evidence suggests three most likely mechanisms to explain the misperception. Medical researchers are yet to uncover the cause of sleep state misperception. Potential causes of sleep state misperception This is thought to be an effect of heightened brain stimulation.Īlthough research is limited, the latest data suggest that brief awakenings and other non-specific abnormalities shown on EEG during sleep contribute to the tendency to misperceive sleep in those who have paradoxical insomnia. They respond more strongly to stimuli such as sounds and lights and experience high mental activity such as racing thoughts.ĭespite having normal sleep latency (the time it takes you to fall asleep), people with this condition feel it takes them forever to fall asleep. When sleeping, people with paradoxical insomnia also experience heightened awareness of their surroundings. This discrepancy is a classic symptom of paradoxical insomnia. When polysomnography was conducted, it indicated that she had slept for eight hours despite complaining of having slept for “only one hour.” In one study,² a person with paradoxical insomnia reported that she hadn’t slept properly for ten years. People suffering from paradoxical insomnia report extended periods of little or no sleep but little or no effect on their daily function. The first sign that you have paradoxical insomnia is a feeling of severe sleep disturbance or insomnia, despite relatively mild daytime impairment (excessive sleepiness, unintended lapses into sleep). Signs that you may have paradoxical insomnia It causes very real distress and torment in those suffering from the condition because they genuinely feel and believe that they aren't sleeping well. Paradoxical insomnia is a sleep disorder sometimes referred to as subjective insomnia. This condition, also known as sleep state misperception, has a vague medical definition because experts still don't know much about it despite being aware of it for decades. The lack of corroborative evidence means that you don't exhibit the symptoms of somebody with insomnia, such as difficulty falling asleep, daytime tiredness and sleepiness, difficulty focusing on tasks, poor work performance, and sudden lapses into sleep, nor the signs that would be elucidated using diagnostic testing such as a polysomnography. a complaint of severe sleep disturbance without corroborative objective evidence of the degree of sleep disturbance claimed." Paradoxical insomnia is the modern term for a condition described by the third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD) as: Paradoxical insomnia makes you think you were awake
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